<span>proton gradient</span> establishment
Chemiosmosis is the process that allows the diffusion of a
molecule or an atom through the membrane. Also, it is the movement of ions
across semipermeable membrane down their electrochemical gradients. In chloroplast,
chemiosmotic coupling is an important factor in ATP production through proton
gradient establishment.
One of the 48 constellations listed by the Greek astronomer Ptolemy. It is one of 88 constellations recognized by the International Astronomical Union.
Answer:
Final pressure, P2 = 362.26 kPa
Explanation:
Given the following data;
Initial volume = 32.5 Liters
Initial pressure = 45.7 kPa
Final volume = 4.1 Liters
To find the final pressure, we would use Boyle's law;
Boyles states that when the temperature of an ideal gas is kept constant, the pressure of the gas is inversely proportional to the volume occupied by the gas.
Mathematically, Boyles law is given by;
Substituting into the equation, we have;
Final pressure, P2 = 362.26 kPa