Explain why the enthalpies of vaporization of the following substances increase in the order CH4 < NH3 < H2O, even though
1 answer:
Explanation:
More is the intermolecular forces present between the molecules of a substance more will be the boiling point of the substance.
Since, water is able to form hydrogen bonding and it also have dipole-dipole interaction as these are stronger than the forces present in ammonia. Hence, boiling point of water is greater than the boiling point of .
In , there are only dispersion forces present in it and these forces are weakest intermolecular forces.
As a result, the enthalpies of vaporization of the following substances increase in the order .
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Alkenes on reacting with ozone results in the formation of ozonide which undergo reductive cleavage in presence of dimethyl sulfide to form carbonyl compounds (aldehyde or ketone). Whereas in presence of hydrogen peroxide it undergoes oxidative cleavage to form carboxylic acids or ketones.
Since, A alkene yields 4-heptanone only on treatment with ozone and DMS thus, it implies that both the chains on the side of the double-bond are similar the product is 4-heptanone that means the double bond is present between the chains at the 4th carbon. Therefore the structure of compound A is 4,5-dipropyloct-4-ene.
The reaction is as shown in the image.
The reaction of A with m-CPBA (meta-perchlorobenzoic acid) followed by aqueous acid is shown in the image.
m-CPBA (meta-perchlorobenzoic acid) is a peracid and forms epoxides on reacting with alkenes.
