Answer:
cAMP dependent pathway is important for processing of life.
Explanation:
cAMP pathway is also called as adenynyl cyclase pathway.
This mechanism requires different steps like-
- G protein coupled receptor is a integral protein that is activated by different external stimuli which binds with the specific ligand.
- Extracellular ligand causes activation of GPCR which in turn is responsible for conformational change in the receptor and allows it to bind with the intracellular heterotrimeric G protein complex.
- The Gα stimulate G protein complex to exchange GDP for GTP and then the complex is released.
- Activated Gα binds with adenylate cyclase and catalyzes ATP to form cyclic AMP.
- Activation of cAMP leads to the activation of nucleotide gated ion channel, and PKa(Protein kinase A) which is also called as cAMP dependent enzyme.
- Once, PKA is activated,it causes phospholylation of other proteins like AMPA receptor,transcription factors which regulate gene expression, and convert glycogen into glucose.
Answer:
bread
Explanation:
the exponential variable doesn't change
Answer:
Hypersensitive response
Explanation:
<em>The hypersensitive response is a defense mechanism developed by certain plants in response to the invasion of pathogens. </em>
<em>This mechanism features include the rapid death of cells and tissues surrounding the infection site so as to limit the invasion of the pathogens as pathogens require living cells in order to continue spreading.</em>
To be alive an organism must be able to intake nutrients, respirate, grow, and reproduce
<span>Clumped dispersion is the most common type found in nature. The distance between neighboring individual is at a minimum. This is common among organisms that are usually preyed such as in herds or family groups. Evenly spaced distribution maximizes the distances between individuals. There is usually competition for a resource. Penguins are an example of this distribution. Random distribution or unpredictable spacing is the least common among the three. Each individual is independent of the other. They occur in environments that have consistent environmental resources and conditions. </span>
