The force of earth's gravitational field is always directed downwards (towards the center of the earth. When the ball is thrown up, it is going against the earth's gravitational field and so, the earth's gravitational force pulls it back down, accelerating it downwards.
Average speed = (total distance covered) / (total time to cover the distance)
= (2,742 km) / (4.33 hours)
= (2,742 / 4.33) km/hr
= 633 km/hr (rounded)
v = initial velocity of launch of the stone = 12 m/s
θ = angle of the velocity from the horizontal = 30
Consider the motion of the stone along the vertical direction taking upward direction as positive and down direction as negative.
v₀ = initial velocity along vertical direction = v Sinθ = 12 Sin30 = 6 m/s
a = acceleration of the stone = - 9.8 m/s²
t = time of travel = 4.8 s
Y = vertical displacement of stone = vertical height of the cliff = ?
using the kinematics equation
Y = v₀ t + (0.5) a t²
inserting the values
Y = 6 (4.8) + (0.5) (- 9.8) (4.8)²
Y = - 84.1 m
hence the height of the cliff comes out to be 84.1 m
