I think that’s substitution
By the time the bubbles rose to the surface of the ocean, the bubble model proposes that simple organic molecules had formed inside. The bubbles burst upon reaching the surface, releasing those molecules into the air.
Geological process is the change in the soil as a result of dust and loose rocks are removed by any natural means.
Answer:
It will not be significantly altered.
Explanation:
During an eight-hour fast glycolisis and cellular respiration will continue to function normally and the production of ATP would not be altered significantly, because there is a source of energy-rich molecules used in catabolism from glycogen stored in muscles and the liver, or fats stored in the fatty tissue or the muscle's protein themselves that can be used as a source of energy.
In amino acids, the carboxyl group acts as an acid.
Answer: Option B
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Explanation:
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The molecular formula of the carboxyl group is -COOH. It is composed of one carbon atom bonded with oxygen atom and hydroxyl group.
During ionization process, it leads to the formation of two ions namely a positive ion called 
, whereas a negative ion called 
. Due to the formation of ions, which is nothing but a proton, the carboxyl group present in the amino acid act as an acid.
