What is meant by localised orbitals? Explain.
1 answer:
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The hybridization for C in acetylene, HCCH, or C₂H₂ is 'sp'.
Discussion:
There are three different forms of hybridization -
- sp- The first occurs when two carbon atoms are triple linked.
- sp₂- When two carbon atoms are double-bonded to one another, this is known as sp₂.
- sp₃- When a single bond joins two carbon atoms, this is known as sp₃.
In the case of acetylene(HCCH or C₂H₂):
- The carbon atom requires additional electrons to establish four bonds with hydrogen and other carbon atoms in the synthesis of C₂H₂. One 2s₂ pair is consequently transferred to the vacant 2pz orbital. Each carbon has two sp hybrid orbitals after the 2s orbital in each atom combines with one of the 2p orbitals.
- As a result of the atoms' symmetrical alignment in a single plane, C₂H₂ possesses a linear molecular structure. Due to their lower electronegative nature than Hydrogen atoms, all Carbon atoms are situated near the center of the Lewis structure of C₂H₂.
H-C≡C-H
Therefore, it is concluded from the above discussion that the hybridization type of acetylene is 'sp'.
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Answer : The non-bonding and bonding electrons are 10 and 14 respectively.
Explanation :
Electron-dot structure : It is also known as Lewis-dot structure. It shows the bonding between the atoms of a molecule and it also shows the unpaired electrons present in the molecule.
The given molecule is, Acetyl chloride
Carbon has '4' valence electrons, hydrogen has '1' valence electron, oxygen has '6' valence electrons and chlorine has '7' valence electrons.
Therefore, the total number of valence electrons in = 2(4) +3(1) +6 +7 = 24
According to electron-dot structure, there are 14 number of bonding electrons ans 10 number of non-bonding electrons.
The electron-dot structure of is shown below.
