Answer:
The family of all prime numbers such that is a perfect square is represented by the following solution:
is an arbitrary prime number. (1)
(2)
is another arbitrary prime number. (3)
Step-by-step explanation:
From Algebra we know that a second order polynomial is a perfect square if and only if . From statement, we must fulfill the following identity:
By Associative and Commutative properties, we can reorganize the expression as follows:
(1)
Then, we have the following system of equations:
(2)
(3)
(4)
By (2) and (4) in (3), we have the following expression:
From Number Theory, we remember that a number is prime if and only if is divisible both by 1 and by itself. Then, . If , and are prime numbers, then must be an even composite number, which means that and can be either both odd numbers or a even number and a odd number. In the family of prime numbers, the only even number is 2.
In addition, must be a natural number, which means that:
But the lowest possible product made by two prime numbers is . Hence, .
The family of all prime numbers such that is a perfect square is represented by the following solution:
is an arbitrary prime number. (1)
(2)
is another arbitrary prime number. (3)
Example: ,