Answer:
Large quantities of water molecules constantly move across cell membranes by simple diffusion, often facilitated by movement through membrane proteins, including aquaporins. In general, net movement of water into or out of cells is negligible. For example, it has been estimated that an amount of water equivalent to roughly 100 times the volume of the cell diffuses across the red blood cell membrane every second; the cell doesn't lose or gain water because equal amounts go in and out. There are, however, many cases in which net flow of water occurs across cell membranes and sheets of cells. An example of great importance to you is the secretion of and absorption of water in your small intestine. In such situations, water still moves across membranes by simple diffusion, but the process is important enough to warrant a distinct name - osmosis.
Answer:
9:3:3:1
Explanation:
If alleles of two genes separate randomly during anaphase-I of meiosis, some new combinations of the alleles are formed in the gametes. A heterozygous genotype for two loci (let's support TtRr) produces a total of four types of gametes in 1:1:1:1 ratio (TR, Tr, tR, and tr). The random fusion of these gametes from two double heterozygous parents (TtRr x TtRr) gives a phenotype ratio of 9:3:3:1. Here, 9/16 F2 progeny exhibit dominant phenotype for both loci while 1/16 exhibits recessive phenotype for both the genes. Rest 3/16 and 3/16 F2 progeny express dominant trait for one gene and recessive for the other.
1 is b or 1/4 (I'd recommend checking a punnet square too)
