Unlike eukaryotes, prokaryotes (which include bacteria) undergo a type of cell division known as binary fission. In some respects, this process is similar to mitosis; it requires replication of the cell's chromosomes, segregation of the copied DNA, and splitting of the parent cell's cytoplasm.
Unbalanced,
Na + Cl2
Na = 1
Cl = 2
NaCl
Na = 1
Cl = 1
Basically, both the reactants and products must have equal amounts of each element.