Protect the tree from animals, bugs, or other predators.
The correct answer is A - eventually a predatory species may utilize it as an energy source and its negative impact on the ecosystem will be decreased but until then, the pad trees will suffer the consequences.
The best answer to the question 'What are the nonliving components of the environment that shape an ecosystem?' would be letter d. Abiotic factors are those components of the environment that are non-living or does not have life. All the other choices have life.