Answer:
Plasmodesmata
Explanation:
Plasmodesmata are microscopic channels which traverse the cell walls of plant cells and some algal cells, enabling transport and communication between them. This is the path that viruses use to spread throughout a plant's system.
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Answer: It is approximately the membrane potential at which the electrochemical gradient for Na+ is zero.
Explanation:
The charge in plasma membrane occurs with diffusion and electric fields.
For example, if there are two solutions, let's assume solution X and Solution Y are separated by a porous barrier (to diffuse in equal proportions).
The fundamental principle of diffusion states that solution from a high concentration diffuses to a lower concentration.
For instance, if the X solution contains 40 sodium ions and 40 chloride ions, the Y solution only has 30 sodium and 30 chloride ions. Due to the diffusion, these two solutions will mix and reach a steady-state.
The like charges repel, and opposite charges attract.
It is (D) Carbon dioxide.
in lactic acid=C6H12O6 to produce 2C3H6O3+Energy.
in alcoholic fermentation=C6H12O6 to produce 2C2H5OH+2CO2.
therefore all of them produce (D) Carbon dioxide.
Answer:
The correct answer is "Interference with viral replication".
Explanation:
The complement system is an essential part of the immune system that involves the activation of a series of proteins that act as a cascade and result in the development of inflammatory responses that help to fight infections. There are multiple effects of complement activation, however interference with viral replication is not one of them. The molecules that are able to interfere with viral replication are called interferons, and they synthesis and activation are not related with complement activation.
