During photosynthesis, the energy used to pump protons comes from ______light_____, whereas in cellular respiration it comes from ______NADH/FADH₂_______.
<h3>What are the steps in photosynthesis?</h3>
- The first step in photosynthesis is the absorption of light by chlorophyll bound to chloroplast thylakoid proteins. The absorbed light energy is used to remove electrons from electron donors such as water to form oxygen.
- The electrons are then transferred to the primary electron acceptor, quinine (Q.). Electrons are further transferred from the primary electron acceptor to the final electron acceptor (usually NADP⁺).
- Proton transfer from the thylakoid lumen to the stroma via the F₀F₁ complex generates ATP from ADP and Pi.
- The NADP and ATP produced in steps 2 and 3 provide the energy, and the electrons power the process of reducing the carbon to a six-carbon sugar molecule.
The first three steps of photosynthesis, are directly dependent on light energy and are thus, called light reactions, while the reactions in the last step are independent of light and thus are termed dark reactions.
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Ice should be applied within the first 5-10 minutes after getting the injury and leave the ice for
20-30 minutes. This can be repeated every 2-3 hours or so for the next 24-48 hours.
If you consider the first 48 hours, and this timings, the frequency should be between 16 to 24 times. If you consider 24 hours, it should be between 8 and 12 times.
Whales have horizontally positioned tales opposed to fish and they swim in an up and down type of motion to move, where as fish are the exact opposite flexing and turning their body left and right with their vertical tale to move.
Whales have bigger mouths to eat large schools of krill (their main source of food)
And also, whales are mammals, and breathe with their lungs, whereas fish use gills to breathe underwater. I hope this helped! Please mark Brainliest!
Answer: A. The genes encode resistance to antibiotics.
D. The genes are carried on plasmids
F. The "clock"genes are highly mobile between species.
Explanation:
Molecular clock is a tool that is used to calculate the time of the evolutionary events. These are the gene sequences that are used to determine the evolutionary distance between the new and primitive organisms developed on earth. It also measures the random changes just like mutation. Thus the molecular clock is also called as the gene clock or evolutionary clock.
The accuracy of the molecular clock can be increased by the genes that encode for a resistance against the antibiotics, the genes that are carried on the plasmids and the clock genes which are highly mobile among the species.
