It allows the scientist to determine the age of the rock it is in
Top-down effects imply control through predation, including fishery, while
bottom-up effects imply control through food abundance, often thought to be driven by climate or nutrient load.
<h3>What is Top down regulation ?</h3>
The top-down effect refers to a higher trophic level influences the community structure of a lower trophic level through predation.
<h3>What is Bottom up regulation ?</h3>
The bottom-up effect means that a lower trophic level in the biological network affects the community structure of higher trophic levels by means of resource restriction
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Answer:
like DNA, RNA is made up of nucleotides.There are two differences that distinguish DNA from RNA: (a) RNA contains the sugar ribose, while DNA contains the slightly different sugar deoxyribose (a type of ribose that lacks one oxygen atom), and (b) RNA has the nucleobase uracil while DNA contains thymine.
Explanation:
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Hydrogen bonds exhibit the stronger intermolecular force, and water is a polar molecule, so the hydrogen bonding create strong forces which take more energy to break (causing the surface tension of water), and due to the polarity water molecules “stick” to one another which causes the edges to rise up in a tube, forming a meniscus
The answer is a half-filled circle.
In the pedigree charts, squares present males and circles present females. If a female is healthy, the circle is empty (white). If a female is affected with a trait, the circle is filled-in (usually black). However, if a female is a carrier of a disease, which means that one allele is dominant and one is recessive, then the circle is half-filled.
