Water is a small molecule that easily diffuses through a cell membrane despite the lipid tails. The diffusion of water is what we call “osmosis”. Oxygen is a small molecule and it is also nonpolar, so it easily passes through a cell membrane.
It is able to pass through because of the high osmotic pressure difference between the inside and outside of the cell.
Most of the water passes through channels called “aquaporins”.
The answer to your question is spores.
Answer:
Frameshift mutations change the entire protein sequence and messes up the entire amino acid sequence that occurs after mutations, but substitution only changes one single amino acid.
Any alloy of iron mixed with a small amount of carbon to increase its strength or malleability is called Steel.
<h3>Why we use alloy ?</h3>
The most common reason for alloying is to increase the strength of a metal. This requires that barriers to slip be distributed uniformly throughout the crystalline grains. On the finest scale, this is done by dissolving alloying agents in the metal matrix (a procedure known as solid solution hardening).
It increases tensile strength also. Hardness, hardenability and resistance to wear. It decreases tendency toward scaling and distortion. It increases the rate of carbon-penetration in carburizing.
<h3>How to make Alloy? </h3>
Alloys are made by mixing two or more elements, at least one of which is a metal. This is usually called the primary metal or the base metal, and the name of this metal may also be the name of the alloy.
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The correct answer is: daughter cells will have abnormal chromosome numbers and this condition is called aneuploidy.
Nondisjunction is the failure of homologous chromosomes (or sister chromatids) to separate during the process of cell division and consequently lead to aneuploidy. There are three forms of nondisjunction:
• Nondisjunction in meiosis I (pair of homologous chromosomes unable to separate in meiosis I),
• Nondisjunction in meiosis I (sister chromatids unable to separate during meiosis II), and
• Nondisjunction in mitosis (failure of sister chromatids to separate during mitosis)