The Cambrian Explosion is when diverse animals were first recorded as fossils.
Answer:
DNA vaccines consist of DNA vectors or plasmids (small double-stranded DNA rings originally derived from bacteria, but unable to cause infection) into which the genes encoding one or more immunizing proteins of the infectious agent have been inserted causing the disease to be prevented.
Explanation:
Vectors are the functional unit of naked DNA vaccines. Genes that encode the proteins of interest and are of bacterial origin are inserted into these vectors. Bacterial plasmids are circular DNA molecules that self-replicate extrachromosomally in bacteria. The genes encoded in these plasmids are under the control of promoters, almost always of viral origin. When a plasmid is introduced into the cell it translocates to the nucleus, where transcription of the transgene begins; the transcripts are then taken to the cytoplasm and translated there. The newly synthesized proteins are degraded in the proteasome to 8-10 amino acid peptides, which are transported to the endoplasmic reticulum. Peptides of high affinity with their respective MHC I molecule stabilize and enter the secretory pathway, thus reaching the cell surface, where they are coupled with the T-lymphocyte receptor (TcR) present on the surface of T lymphocytes cytotoxic drugs (CD8 +) to induce their activation.
Answer: mitosis.
During DNA replication a pair of chromosomes of from one cell genders two duplicated chromosomes (so the number of chromosomes is duplicated), then in the mitosis process the cell split into two identical cells each with half of the duplicated chromosomes, so at the end one cell with two chromosomes form two cells each with two chromosomes. So, the new generation of cells has the same number of chromosomes.
Runoff in neighborhoods can be a problem because as the water runs it can collect pollutants such as oil, pesticides, bacteria, etc. These pollutants can end up in our drinking water or can run into our fishing supply and even our swimming water... I wouldn't want to be swimming or eating fish that was swimming in pesticides and bacteria.
The answer is C. Pheromones are hormones (which are proteinous) produces by individuals of the same species and are a means to send communication signals for social interactions. They signal alarm, food and even sex. Sex pheromones are released by females beetles into the environment to signal their availability for mating. The pheromones are picked up by receptors on the male beetles and this is how they find the females.