Agar is used to assist establish an anaerobic environment that promotes nitrate reduction.
Nitrate Reduction test:
- The nitrate in the broth is converted to nitrite by organisms that can produce the nitrate reductase enzyme, which can then be further converted to nitric oxide, nitrous oxide, or nitrogen.
- Anaerobic respiration and denitrification are two processes that can convert nitrate to a variety of compounds.
- While denitrification only reduces nitrate to molecular nitrogen, anaerobic respiration employs nitrate as the bacterium's final electron acceptor, reducing it to a range of chemicals.
- The nitrate reduction test is based on the detection of nitrite and its capacity to produce a red precipitate (prontosil), which is a water-soluble azo dye, when it combines with sulfanilic acid to create a complex (nitrite-sulfanilic acid).
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Darwin observed the beaks of the birds and how the different beaks helped the birds to eat different types of seeds.
This relates to natural selection because certain finches with say a smaller shorter beak would be able to eat only smaller seeds and fruits as to where a finch with a longer larger beak could eat larger bigger seeds and fruits.
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