The answer is the control group.
the group in an experiment that is not exposed to the tested variable is called the control group
The toll-like receptors do NOT directly lyse bound pathogens (Option C). These protein receptors play fundamental roles in the innate immune system.
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are single-pass membrane-spanning protein receptors that play fundamental functions in the innate immune system.
TLRs are differentially expressed on the surface of antigen-presenting cells (i.e., macrophages and dendritic cells) in order to recognize evolutionary conserved antigenic domains in different pathogenic microorganisms (e.g. bacteria).
TLRs initiate innate immune responses such as, for example, inflammatory responses, by identifying conserved pathogen-associated molecule patterns (PAMPs).
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The answer is C. RNA, but it should really by called mRNA for Messenger RNA
Those organisms don't have chloroplasts in their cells which is required for photosynthesis to occur.