The parachute was invented 4,000 yrs ago! :)
Cytochromes:- They are iron containing hemoproteins that serve many cellular functions including energy production, steroid biosynthesis, and degradation of toxins.
Cytochromes occur in all organisms except a few obligate anaerobes. They are structurally similar among organisms. These are proteins to which one to two tetrapyrrole rings are bound. These tetrapyrroles are very similar to the chromophores of chlorophylls in plants. However, chlorophylls(in plants) contain Mg++ as the central atom in the tetrapyrrole, whereas the cytochromes(in aerobic animals) have an iron atom (Figure).
Toxicology is the study of toxin effects on human health. The individuals or professionals who carry out toxicology are called toxicologists. In toxicity testing, the dose of a chemical above which there is a measurable decline in the health of the organism being tested is referred to as the toxicity threshold. After identifying the effects and the toxins in the body of an organisms toxicologists device ways of removing or neutralizing the toxin so as to avoid any damaging effects to the body tissues.
An in-breath is that you are breathing in Oxygen. And and out-breath you are breathing out Carbon Dioxide
Blood is isotonic to cells in order to conserve the shape and structure of the surrounding cells.
- Isotonic solutions are solutions that have the same concentration of water on both sides of a cell membrane.
- In this case, the blood is an aqueous fluid that exhibits isotonic properties compared to its surrounding cells.
- Isotonicity enables the blood to transport oxygen and nutrients to the cells but simultaneously conserves the structure and form of these cells.
In conclusion, blood is isotonic to cells in order to conserve the shape and structure of the surrounding cells.
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