Answer:
If banks hold excess reserves, then the money multiplier will be smaller.
Explanation:
It is easier to understand using an example:
required reserve rate = 5%
money multiplier = 1 / 5% = 20
if $100 are injected in to the economy and they are deposited in the banking system, the money supply will increase by $100 x 20 = $2,000. But this calculation only works if banks lend 100% of the loanable funds, but if instead banks only lend $90, instead of $95 ($100 x 95%), then the money multiplier will be 1 / 10% = 10. In this case, the money supply will only increase by half
Answer:
The correct answer is A) the substitution effect
Explanation:
In other words, the substitution effect is when sales fall because the consumers change into cheaper alternatives when its price rises.
When using horizontal differentiation, a firm divides itself into sub units based on function, type of business, or Geographic area
Horizontal differentiation
Is basically concerned with how the firm decides to divide itself into sub units. The decision is typically made on the basis of function, type of business, or geographical area. In many firms, just one of these criteria predominates, but more complex solutions are adopted in others. This is particularly likely in the case of international firms, where the conflicting demands to organize the company around different products (to realize location and experience curve economies) and different national markets (to remain locally responsive) must be reconciled. One solution to this dilemma is to adopt a matrix structure that divides the organization on the basis of both products and national markets.
Functional structure :
A functional structure can work well for a firm that is active in a single line of business and focuses on a single geographic area. But problems can develop once the firm expands into different businesses or geographies.
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Answer: 3. a motion to dismiss.
Explanation:
When a party believes that a case has no legal basis, in other words the party does not believe that what they did warrants a court case, they would file a motion to dismiss so as not to waste resources fighting something they see as frivolous.
In this case, NuProducts is essentially filing a motion to dismiss when they say that they did nothing wrong according to the law. They would prefer if the courts simply dismissed the case so that they would not incur costs to fight the case.