Answer:
a. Polar
b. Polar
c. Non-polar
d. Non-polar
Explanation:
a. , hydronium cation contains a positive charge. Just as any other ion, it is polar, as it has a net charge.
b. has the same shape as water. There are two lone pairs on sulfur atom which produce an overall dipole moment in this molecule, the bent structure is polar.
c. is non-polar, as the central atom, phosphorus, doesn't contain any lone pairs, all the dipole moments cancel out: two dipole moments in the vertical plane, P-Cl, and three P-Cl dipoles in the horizontal plane within a trigonal bipyramidal shape.
d. is non-polar, since it's a tetrahedral molecule with no lone pairs on carbon atom, all four C-F dipole moments cancel out to yield a net 0 dipole moment.
The graduated cylinder is used to measure the volume of KOH and H2SO4 when accurate volume measurement is not required.
In the laboratory certain graduated apparatus are used to measure liquids. These graduated apparatus used to measure liquids include;
- burette
- pipette
- measuring cylinder
- Erlenmeyer flask
Sometimes, we are not really looking for a strictly accurate volume of liquid and we can use a graduated cylinder to measure the volume of liquid in such cases.
However, when we need to have strictly accurate volume measurement, we need a pipet or a buret.
Learn more: brainly.com/question/15670537
D) basic ions contain some H+ ions