Answer:
Please find the complete table attached as an image
Explanation:
This task is describing the processes of transcription and translation, which are the two processes involved in gene expression. The DNA of a human and cow is given in the table of the attached image and we're asked to transcribe into a complementary RNA, and subsequently translate into an amino acid using the CODON table (genetic code).
- Transcription is the process whereby DNA is used as a template for the synthesis of RNA based on complementary base pairing i.e. A-U, G-C, T-A etc.
- Translation is the process whereby RNA transcript is used to synthesize an amino acid sequence. The mRNA is read in a group of three nucleotides called CODON, where each of this codon specifies an amino acid.
The table has been completed and attached below. Note that in the amino acids row;
GLY means Glycine
ILE means Isoleucine
VAL means Valine
GLN means Glutamine
CYS means Cysteine
THR means Threonine
SER means Serine
PHE means Phenylalanine
ALA means Alanine
LEU means Leucine
Answer:
Grey Mice have a higher fitness because their phenotype allows them to blend in with their environment, thus helping them to avoid predators. This allows them to survive and reproduce better than the other mice.
Answer:
A blue moon is an additional full moon that appears in a subdivision of a year: either the third of four full moons in a season, or a second full moon in a month of the common calendar
Explanation:
The Moon can turn blue when there’s a certain amount of dust or pollution in the air. The extra dust scatters blue light, making the Moon appear more blue.
Nonsense mutations make stop codons. If the mutation is towards the beginning of a gene, then the protein that gets created will be cut short and not function properly. But if it was towards the end, there is still a chance that the protein will still be able to work.
Answer:
The nucleic acid is a macromolecule present in living systems in the form of either DNA or RNA, whose molecule consists of many nucleotides which are linked with each other to form long chains. The presence of DNA or RNA in an individual promotes continuity of life. The variability and complexity of nucleic acid are dependent on its constituent molecules as, sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. However, two monocyclic nitrogenous bases were classified purines (adenine:A, guanine:G) and pyrimidines (thymine:T, cytosine:C, and uracil:U).
In addition, RNA is a single-stranded structure which differs from DNA in two aspects, the sugar content of RNA is ribose, and pyrimidine base uracil replaces the thymine base of DNA. A ratio between two strands of DNA can be calculated by using Chargrff's rule which states that "DNA from any cell of all organisms possess a 1:1 ratio (base Pair Rule) of pyrimidine and purine bases'.
The purine to pyrimidine ratio in RNA with different bases is given below in the following table:
Presence of single strand in RNA does not follow chargaff's rule and alters the purine: pyrimidine ratio. The above ratio of each base in the given information is not equal, due to which the ratio of purines to pyrimidines is different. The ratio of DNA and RNA is not equal because DNA has its complementary DNA strand. However, bases in RNA might vary due to its single-strandedness property, but its ratio is dependent on the species.
Therefore, it can be concluded that the ratio of purines to pyrimidines is dependent on the species due to its genetic makeup. Hence, option (c) is correct.
