100% of the offspring would have the genotype Bb, and the phenotype of the blue color.
A disturbance would be things like lava, flows, newly formed sand dunes, or rocks left from a retreating glacier. These are disturbances because Primary Successions happen in lifeless areas, which soil is incapable of sustaining life.
The troposphere is hotter near the Earth's surface because heat from the Earth warms this air. As the altitude increases the number of air molecules decreases, the average of their kinetic energy decreases.
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First comes fertilization, when two gametes combine to form a zygote.