Answer:
E) Improve membrane fluidity
Explanation:
Cholesterol constitutes the basic structural element of the skeleton of cell membranes. Without their reinforcement, the membranes would become extremely fluid and lose their consistency. Cholesterol is found in the esterified membranes in its hydroxyl group (OH): with fatty acids, mainly oleic and linoleic, or as cholesterol sulfate. The cholesterol-sulfate polar group is disposed on one of the faces of the membrane that interacts with other polar groups in that area, while its bulky hydrophobic portion is embedded between the apolar parts of the lipids that form the membrane skeleton and They fulfill many other functions, among which the reduction in the permeability of protons and sodium ions, and their participation in signal transmission. Cholesterol is also essential in phagocytosis processes carried out by cells to capture many nutrients and, in general, for the function of cleaning up organic waste produced by macrophages.
The membranes must have a fluid structure so that the integrated proteins can move "horizontally" to interact with their ligands and with other proteins. The fluidity is given by unsaturated fat. With the excess of saturated fat, the membranes become rigid, but only with the necessary unsaturated fat the membranes are extremely fluid and very sensitive to temperature changes. Cholesterol stabilizes the structure of the membranes; In order for them to have the correct structure, they must have the correct proportions of saturated, unsaturated fats and cholesterol. The membranes produced in the laboratory without cholesterol are unstable to temperature changes, drastically modifying their fluidity against the small temperature changes that occur in the physiological range.
In addition to its functions in cell membranes, cholesterol is an important product that metabolism uses as a raw material to make other compounds:
*Bile salts
*Sex hormones
*Hormones of the adrenal cortex (corticosteroids)
*Vitamin D (Calciferol)
The correct answer is (B) chemosynthesis and marine snow are the two ways that organisms on the bottom of deep sea food chains acquire energy.
What is the meaning of chemosynthesis and marine show?
Chemosynthesis is the utilization of energy supplied by inorganic chemical processes to make food in bacteria and other organisms. To generate a sugar, all chemosynthetic organisms require energy provided by chemical processes, although various species employ different methods.
Marine snow is a shower of biological particles that falls from the upper ocean to the deep sea. Marine snow refers to biological material that descends from higher in the water column. Some flakes fall for several weeks before reaching the ocean floor.
Learn more about chemosynthesis and marine snow refer:
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Answer:
the grass grew taller and the hawk population declined
Explanation:
have a good day
Answer:
Grain, species etc..
Explanation:
They were originally used to grind grain or spices or pump water and sawing wood. Now modern windmills are used for electricity.