Translation is the process of translating the sequence of a messenger RNA molecule to a sequence of amino acids during protein synthesis. So, the relationship between the two processes is that they are both involved in protein synthesis and that transcription is first, then translation is second.
C. Serving as a Shock absorber and cleaning agent
Type-II Diabetes, or non insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) involves a disrupted insulin signaling mechanism [broken]. There is usually a problem with insulin receptors on cells, and not so much the insulin itself (or pancreas). Sometimes the cause of type-II is referred to as "insulin resistance."
I believe it would be C) Cellulose. As this is one of the essential components found in the cell wall of plant cells.