A participle has the following form: verb + -ing, and the only word in this sentence that takes that form is A, 'flying', which is the correct answer.
A complex sentence has one dependent clause and one independent clause.
Here's some examples;
1. After twenty years, he still had feelings for her.
2. Because my coffee was too cold, I heated it in the microwave.
The answer is C. Both writer were incredibly impacted by the American Culture. In Okita's lyric speaks more about how you encounter Culture. Cisneros, then again, discusses where your family from. They both, however, discuss how social foundation and your appearance does not decide on what being Americans mean.