This can be represented as two right triangles. The legs of your friend's triangle, the forward distance and distance right, are 15 and 20. Using the Pythagorean theorem, we find the diagonal distance from your friend's starting point:
20²+15²=c² 400+225=c² 625=c²
Take the square root of both sides: √625=√(c²) 25=c
The legs of your right triangle are 12, your distance forward, and 9, your distance right: 12²+9²=c² 144+81=c² 225=c²
Take the square root of both sides: √225=√(c²) 15=c
To find this answer it is best to draw it out. Please see the attached picture. You will end up needing to find it 2 hypotenuse. I have shown how to find the hypotenuse using the Pythagorean theorem. You add these together to find the distance the baseball is thrown. The answer is 40 feet.
Question 1: If shes making 4 hats alone and then Quadruples it shes making 16 hats per week if she quadruples it again she will be knitting 64 hats per week.