Hybrid
<u>Hybrid</u> modified the concept by adding an internal combustion engine and marketing hybrids that were part electric and part gas powered.
- The driving wheels of hybrid vehicles receive power from their drivetrains.
- A hybrid car has numerous sources of propulsion.
- There are numerous hybrid configurations.
- A hybrid vehicle might, for instance, get its energy from burning gasoline while alternating between an electric motor and a combustion engine.
- Although they have primarily been employed for rail locomotives, electrical vehicles have a long history of integrating internal combustion and electrical transmission, like in a diesel-electric power-train.
- Because the electric drive transmission directly substitutes the mechanical gearbox rather than serving as an additional source of motive power, a diesel-electric powertrain does not meet the definition of a hybrid.
- Only the electric/ICE hybrid car type was readily accessible on the market as of 2017.
- One type used parallel operation to power both motors at the same time.
- Another ran in series, using one source to supply power solely and the other to supply electricity.
- Either source may act as the main driving force, with the other source serving to strengthen the main.
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F-free = m*g - F_air = m*a
F_air = 1.2 * m
a= (105 kg * 9.8 m.s^2 - 5*105) / 105 kg
a = 9.3 m/s
Hope this helps
For a reaction to occur, energy must be absorbed to break chemical bonds
<u>Explanation:</u>
Reactions can be classified as chemical reaction, nuclear reaction, thermal reaction. So in these three reaction types, the nature of energy will only be varying.
But in order to execute a reaction, there should be breaking of existing bonds and then formation of new bonds. So for breaking of the bonds of reactants, energy should be absorbed from the surrounding.
Then the extra energy will be released after forming the products. Thus, the process of absorption of energy will lead to endothermic process and the process of releasing of energy will lead to exothermic reaction. So for a reaction to occur, energy must be absorbed to break the chemical bonds.
Answer:
Red giant or super giant → very cool but very luminous
→ found in the upper right of the H-R diagram.
Main sequence →The majority of stars in our galaxy
→ Sun, for example
→ a very hot and very luminous star
White dwarfs → very hot but very dim
→ not much larger in radius than earth
Explanation:
Giant:
When the stars run out of their fuel that is hydrogen for the nuclear fusion reactions then they convert into Giant stars.That's why they are very cool. Giant stars have the larger radius and luminosity then the main sequence stars.
Main Sequence:
Stars are called main sequence stars when their core temperature reaches up to 10 million kelvin and their start the nuclear fusion reactions of hydrogen into helium in the core of the star. That is why they are very hot and luminous. For example sun is known as to be in the stage of main sequence as the nuclear fusion reactions are happening in its core.
White dwarfs:
When the stars run out of their fuel then they shed the outer layer planetary nebula, the remaining core part that left behind is called as white dwarf. It's the most dense part as the most of the mass is concentrated in this part.
