Answer:
In the mentioned case, both the cells will start to perform replication of their DNA. In the case of G0, that is, the stationary phase, the mammalian cell can pass the restriction point with the supplementation of extracellular proliferation signal. While in the case of G1, which actually does not require any kind of external proliferation signal, as once the cell is in G1 phase, it is ready to go get the next phase. However, both the mammalian cells will cease or halt at G2 checkpoint.
Answer:
A. If the aerobic pathway—cellular respiration—cannot meet the energy demand, then the anaerobic pathway—lactic acid fermentation—starts up, resulting in lactic acid buildup and "oxygen debt."
D. The rate of energy demand determines how the muscles will obtain energy, either from cellular respiration or from lactic acid fermentation if not enough oxygen is present.
Explanation:
It is important to consider that Kenny hikes all day but at a steady pace, whereas Janelle runs very fast. So Kenny's case, the supply of oxygen is sufficient to maintain aerobic respiration within the muscle cells. During this process only CO2, Water, and ATP are produced; therefore, there is no oxygen debt. We should keep in mind that the body shifts to anaerobic metabolism only when the supply of oxygen is limited.
In Janelle's case, running fast would need energy at higher rates and the supply of oxygen would not be sufficient to generate a high amount of ATPs. Therefore, to compensate for this deficiency, cells will start fermenting glucose to lactic acid and produce ATP and maintain energy demands. This lactic acid causes fatigue and this is why Janelle has aching and breathing hard. Breathing hard is also automatic reflux to inhale more oxygen and meet oxygen demands but even breathing hard would not be able to make it and the body will shift to anaerobic respiration automatically.
Answer: natural selection
Neurons function to process and transmit information. In vertebrate animals, neurons are the core components of the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves.
Answer:
a) allosteric site
Explanation:
An allosteric site is a site on an enzyme other than the active site where a molecule that is not a substrate binds. This changes the shape of the enzyme, making it harder for the substrate to bind and inhibits enzyme activity.
Hope that helps.