Since each codon consist of 3 nucleotides, 4 cordons can be formed by 12 nucleotides. (but please make sure that you check this answer. I am not completely sure)
In physics, escape velocity is the speed where the kinetic energy of an object is equal to the magnitude of its gravitational potential energy.
This relates to the speed at which an object should travel to "break" free of any gravitational pull.
Venus: 10.46 km/s
Mars: 5.027 km/s
The system is called Taxonomy and was made by Swedish botanist Carlous Linnaeus
The light-independent (or dark reaction) produces sugar-phosphate molecules, which are used as an important reactant in cellular respiration. Hope this helps!
Enzymes lower activation energy through various means, including positioning substrates together in the proper orientation, applying torque on the substrates, providing the proper charge or pH microenvironment, and adding or removing functional groups on the substrates.