Answer:
Differential equations capture the vectors of thr rate of change, which are found experimentally to be tangent to the configuration space of a system.
Explanation:
Two traits that we are examining are the color (purple/white) and the smoothness.
In our sample, we have 135 individuals ( 75 +28+24+8= 135).
Since we know that expected ratio of a dihybrid cross, is <span>9:3:3:1 we can calculate what is the expected values of each phenotype is.
So, for the white wrinkled phenotype, we expect that there will be one-sixteenth of the whole sample ( there are 16 parts of the whole sample 9+3+3+1=16).
So, we multiply the whole sample- 135 with one-sixteenth (or </span>0.0625) and get 8,4375.
When you calculate the values for all phenotypes you get results shown in the attached excel table.
When you have your expected and experimental values you compare them with a chi-square test. (The test determines if the difference between the expected and experimental results is statistically significant).
Answer:
B. food production
Explanation:
In the example above described, salinity conditions (3%) completely prevented radicle development (0 mm). Salinity conditions may alter plant development by inhibiting the uptake of nitrogen, and by limiting water intake. Moreover, it has been shown that the excessive accumulation of chloride ions in plant cells may have toxic effects on plant growth, causing ionic stress and thus leading to nutrient deficiency.
I think if the whale population decreased the surface fish populations would decline due to reduced populations of algae. This can be simply explained by the fact that, if the whale population is decreased, it means that the nitrogen rich feces that is supply nutrients to the algae would also decrease and therefore decrease the population of the algae and as a result the population of of the surface fish would also decline.