I'm not sure about part B, but part A will have the answer "if Ron eats lunch today, then he will drink a glass of milk" (without quotes of course)
The idea is that we have these arguments in symbolic form
P = Ron eats lunch today
Q = Ron eats a sandwich
R = Ron will drink a glass of milk
The format is
"If P then Q" ----> "if Q then R" so therefore "If P then R"
We see that P leads to Q, then Q leads to R. So overall P leads to R. We connect them as a chain of sorts. We can skip over Q since we know the first point will lead to the last. Think of it as a shortcut of sorts.
25% is the same is 1/4 of something. So you have to find what 1/4th of 48 is. To do that, just divide 48 by 4. and you get 12.
A 25% payment on a CD player that costs $48 would be $12. Hope that helps!
Sorry. It's not clear. Plz tell me if there is 12 3/8in?