The material or substance on which an enzyme acts upon is known as the substrate, they are nothing but reacting molecules and or substances that are able to ultimately be converted to product substances. By the aid of biological enzymes, that lower the energy of activation needed for a chemical reaction to proceed.
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1. RNA polymerase unzips DNA
2. Free RNA nucleotides pair with complementary DNA nucleotides
3. The mRNA molecule breaks away as the DNA strands rejoin.
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Ventilation is the process by which air moves in and out of the lungs.Diffusion is the spontaneous movement of gases, without the use of any energy or effort by the body, between the gas in the alveoli and the blood in the capillaries in the lungs.
There are lots:
Biology and Medicine - cloning and expression of human insulin in bacteria (stopped having to produce it from pig pancreases); Watson & Crick discovery of the structure of DNA; gene therapy in humans
Chemistry - determination of the exact number of molecules in a mole (Avagadro's number); discovery of radioactivity (Rutherford); the invention of nylon (DuPont); Boyle's law (behavior of gases)
