Yes, Avery, Mc Leod and Mc Carty do thought that genes may be involved in the transformation of non virulent rough Strains of <em>Diplococcus pneumoniae</em> to harmful smooth strained bacteria
<h3><u>Explanation:</u></h3>
Avery was a Canadian medical researcher who along with other two well known scientists of the contemporary time went for an experiment where he took two strains of bacteria Diplococcus pneumoniae - one is rough and nonvirulent and another is smooth and virulent. For a control run, he injected both the bacteria in separate mice and the expected result was there. Now as he injected heat killed smooth bacteria, the mice survived. But as he injected heat killed smooth bacteria with rough bacteria, although there was no organism which can kill the mice the mice died. And autopsy revealed the presence of live smooth bacteria in the lungs.
Thus they suspected something have gone from the dead smooth bacteria into the non virulent rough bacteria which lead to transformation of the rough bacteria to smooth ones. Thus, the experiment was carried on, which suspected role of genes in this transformation.
Let us look at the what, why and how of studying extreme places like the deep earth and the deep space. Scientists need to figure out as to 'what' they want to look at such places, be it a new exotic creature or bio-genesis (birth of life). Unless there are several testable hypothesis constructed, such a study cannot begin. The 'why' aspect deals with the purpose of such research and expeditions. Is it of any use to the humans, or will it improve our current understanding of a phenomenon? The 'how' aspect deals with the technology and the economic assistance that can help in undertaking such a research. All these are the challenges that needed to be thoroughly considered to make such a research or expedition possible.
<u>Answer:</u>
An example situation of artificial selection is "More African elephants today naturally lack tusks compared to the elephant populations 100 years ago, because big game hunters sought elephants for ivory".
<u>Explanation:</u>
- The process of breeding animals to acquire the desired characteristics by the external means other than natural selection and behavior of animal itself is called as artificial selection.
- The first artificial selection was carried out by Darwin when he mated penguins that would have a higher chance of breeding.
- The practice of artificial selection was existing in human civilization a long time ago.
- This process was used to use wild animals and domestic animals in battles and other household works.
The answer is “Variation that decrease reproductive success are more likely to be passed on.”