Answer:
A theory is the most logical explanation of events that occur in nature. The explanation often results from the use of the scientific method. First, a problem must be stated. Then, after gathering information, a hypothesis, or logical solution, is formed. The solution is then tested in an experiment. The factor that is tested in an experiment is called the variable. This factor is not contained in the control setup. Sometimes principles of chemistry, the study of how substances change and combine, are involved in experiments. At other times, principles of physics are instead.
The metric system is used for all measurements in science. Some basic units in this system are the liter for volume, the kilogram for mass, the degree Celsius for temperature, and the meter for length. Sometimes, the density of a substance, or its mass per unit volume must be measured. If dimensional analysis is needed, a conversion factor must be used.
Explanation:
heightened temperatures can cause enzymes to work more quickly whereas if the temperature gets too high the enzyme stops working, If the temperature around an enzyme gets too high, the enzyme loses its shape, which is known as denaturation, and will eventually stop working
The plant species that live in the colder environment have some adaptations that makes them survive in that conditions
These plants have a well developed vascular system due to which they have the ability to trap every inch of sunlight available for the process of photosynthesis.
Some of the plants shed their leaves and stay in dormant conditions.
Evergreen trees have thick waxy coating that prevents the loss of water.
The plants that grow in arctic regions are small and they grow close to the ground in a specific shape that helps them to shed snow from them.
Explanation:
Bohr model is able to explain the electromagnetic spectrum produced by different atoms of different elements. This is because an electron around the nucleus of an atom occupies distinct orbital levels around the nucleus and not in between. When an electron absorbs a specific wavelength of electromagnetic spectrum it 'hops' to an upper electron energy level equivalent to this wavelength of radiation. When the atom 'hops' to a lower orbital level it releases ta specific wavelength of radiation that is equivalent to the difference in the energy levels. This was unaccounted for in the Rutherford's planetary model.
The electron cloud model is thought to be an improvement on the Bohr model because it accounts for the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle which stipulates that it is impossible to ascertain the momentum and location of an electron at the same time (because merely viewing an electron using light -or any kind of radiation - will change its direction and velocity). This model explains the likely position of an electron using probabilistic equations. The electron cloud model can therefore be used to explain bonding between atoms.
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For more on atomic theories check out;
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