Answer:
radiometric dating methods
Explanation:
The oldest rock layer will be at the very bottom, and as time goes on, more layers will form making the top layer the youngest layer and the bottom layer the oldest. This method can determine the amount of radioactive decay of certain elements which can help them make a geologic time scale.
Disposal of human waste
through birds dropping the seeds of excreting them
through the dropping of seeds from the plants which sometimes are carried by the wind
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A collision of two galaxies has left a merged star system with an unusual appearance as well as bizarre internal motions. Messier 64 (M64) has a spectacular dark band of absorbing dust in front of the galaxy's bright nucleus, giving rise to its nicknames of the "Black Eye" or "Evil Eye" galaxy.
Fine details of the dark band are revealed in this image of the central portion of M64 obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope. M64 is well known among amateur astronomers because of its appearance in small telescopes. It was first cataloged in the 18th century by the French astronomer Messier. Located in the northern constellation Coma Berenices, M64 resides roughly 17 million light-years from Earth.
Image Credit: NASA and The Hubble Heritage Team (AURA/STScI); Acknowledgment: S. Smartt (Institute of Astronomy) and D. Richstone (U. Michigan)
Last Updated: Feb. 16, 2016Editor: NASA Administrator
Let's calculate the difference in nucleotides. The number of difference multiplied by rate of mutations will help to determine how long ago these two species shared a common ancestor.
Species A: GTACCTAAGTTCACCGAATT
Species B: GAACCTAAGGGCACCGAACT
These species differ in 4 nucleotides.
This number should be multiplied <span>by </span>the rate of mutations