Question

What material is the source for commercial production of each of the following elements:(a) aluminum;

Answer 1

The material which is used as source for commercial production aluminum is bauxite.

The aluminum can be extracted from bauxite ore by the process of Bayer process.

In the Bayer process, bauxite ore is heated in the pressure vessel along with a caustic soda solution (sodium hydroxide) at a temperature between 150 to 200 °C. At this temperatures, the aluminium is dissolved in the solution as sodium aluminate in the extraction process. After separation of the residue by filtering, when the liquid is cooled gibbsite is precipitated and then it is seeded with fine-grained aluminum hydroxide crystals from previous extractions. The precipitation take 7-19 days without the addition of seed crystals.

This extraction process converts the aluminium oxide to soluble sodium aluminate, NaAlO2, which afterward converted into aluminum hydroxide and then into aluminum oxide.

Thus, we concluded that the material which is used as source for commercial production aluminum is bauxite ore.

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