Answer:
The receptors in the aortic and carotid bodies are chemoreceptors.
Explanation:
Chemoreceptors are specialized cells that are responsible for detecting and converting chemical signals into biological signals, to relay that information to the brain, where they will finally be interpreted. Among them we find the peripheral chemoreceptors, which are the aortic bodies, located along the wall of the aortic arch and innervated by the vagus nerve, and the carotid bodies, located in the neck. . Carotid bodies are stimulated by variations in the concentration of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood, as well as variations in blood pH. When the pH decreases the CO2 increases and the oxygen decreases, they activate the chemoreceptors to increase breathing.
Answer:
Medulla oblongata
Explanation:
Medulla oblongata is found at the lower half of the brainstem continuous with the spinal cord. The medulla oblongata controls the center of vomiting, vasomotor centers for regulating heart rate, cardiac, respiratory and blood pressure. Furthermore, Medulla oblongata connects the higher levels of the brain to the spinal cord and also controls autonomic functions.
Answer:
Haemoglobin; liver; binds; stored; bile duct; small intestine; lipids.
Explanation:
Serology can be defined as the study of blood and the reactions between antibodies and antigens in the blood.
In Biology, blood pH can be defined as a measure of the hydrogen ion (H¯) concentration of blood i.e the level of alkalinity or acidity of blood.
Basically, the normal blood pH of a human being should be between 7.35 and 7.45.
Hence, one of the ways in which the body regulates blood pH is with proteins. Proteins help regulate blood pH by accepting and releasing hydrogen ions. Typically, when the blood pH falls, the hydrogen ions (H¯) are accepted (absorbed) while hydrogen ions are released when the blood pH rises.
For example, a protein such as haemoglobin which makes up a composition of the red blood cells, binds an amount of acid required to regulate blood pH.
In the spleen, haemoglobin from red blood cells is broken down to form (unconjugated) bilirubin. Unconjugated bilirubin is insoluble in blood plasma so binds to albumens in the blood and is sent to the liver. Bilirubin binds with glucuronic acid to form conjugated bilirubin. It forms part of the bile, which is stored in the gall bladder. Food in the gut stimulates gall bladder contraction and the bile passes down the bile duct to the small intestine, where it aids in the digestion of lipids.
