Answer:
d-The client most likely has a dual diagnosis since she has both a substance dependence and depression.
Explanation:
What is dual diagnosis?
An individual with dual diagnosis shows both a mental disorder and an alcohol or drug situation. These situations is seen in unison more often. Nearly half of people who shows a mental disorder do express substance use disorder at a point or the other. The interrelationship of the two situation can worsen both.
Why do substance use disorders and mental disorders is often seen in unison?
Thou they occur together, but it can't be said that one prompt the other, even if one started earlier as in our case study.
There are three reasons showing why they occur in unison:
•Generally, risk factors may lead to both mental disorders and substance use disorders. Such as genetics, stress, and trauma.
•Mental disorders can lead to drug use and substance use disorders. Using drugs or alcohol to find relief (self-medication). This could lead to addiction.
•Substance use and addiction can contribute to the occurrence of a mental disorder. Causes brain changes.
What are the treatments for dual diagnosis?
Individuals with dual disorder should treat both conditions. For the treatment to be operative, there is need to abstain from alcohol or drugs. Treatments may involve behavioral therapies and medicines. Also, support groups importance for emotional and social support cannot be neglected.
Materials eliciting increased tongue flicking and prey attack in garter snakes were isolated from both earthworm and fish prey. New extraction methods based on chloroform-methanol mixtures are valuable adjuncts to the more typical aqueous preparations. Both high- and low-molecular weight components from earthworms and fish were active. The similarity between the active chemicals in these two classes of prey was established using several methods of analysis.
Analagous structures. For example, both penguins and dolphins have torpedo shaped heads that help them adapt to their enviroments. They were both in different environments, but they developed similar adaptations to increase their ability to survive in their environments.
Answer:
The correct option is (C). The above mentioned definition is true for biofilm that resembles a slimy structure composed of cells attached to each other.
Explanation:
The adherent cells that results due to the formation of biofilm are known to invade the slimy extracellular matrix that are made up of extracellular polymeric substances. These embedded cells serves the function of production of EPS component that is composed of genetic material, polysaccharides and lipids. These biofilms are capable of growth on the living as well as the non living things.
Formation of biofilm by the microbes occurs due to several factors namely nutritional factors, antibiotic attack and cellular recognition to the attachment site. The defined steps of the biofilm formation includes initial attachment, Irreversible attachment, Maturation I, Maturation II and Dispersion.
