Coenzymes
Coenzymes are small organic molecules that, themselves, do not function as catalysts (i.e. enzymes) but aid the latter in carrying out their functions. Enzymes are biological catalysts, which means that they allow reactions to occur at lower activation energies. In a way, enzymes help to "speed up" chemical reactions.
Coenzymes are mostly derived from vitamins. Examples include TPP from Vitamin B1 (thiamine), FAD from Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin), and NAD+ from Niacin.
Answer:
The natural selection on polygenic traits affects selection.
Explanation:
The natural selection process allows changes in frequencies of alleles in a character that is determined by single gene. The polygenic characteristics are disproportionately affected by natural selection as natural selection affect the phenotype distribution.
This occurs in three ways that are disruptive selection, stabilizing and directional selection.
Answer:
According to the current fossil record, scientists believe that the life on earth began about 3.5 billion years ago.
Answer: Immune system
Explanation:
Lymphocytes are a class of white blood cells (leukocytes) involved in immune response when activated by the a foreign molecule (an antigen). B lymphocytes develop in the bone marrow of mammals and are responsible for the production of circulating antibodies.
Thus, lymphocytes are associated with the immune system.
B. The layering of the rock.
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